%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 1 /Kids [ 2 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /QuickPDFFb4ea2fe8 73 0 R /QuickPDFFadeb9621 121 0 R >> >> /Contents [ 5 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 122 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Producer (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /Creator (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /CreationDate (D:20190516162300+02'00') /ModDate (D:20190516162300+02'00') >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Length 2979 /LC /iSQP >> stream 0 Tr /QuickPDFFadeb9621 14 Tf 0 0 0 rg 100 Tz 0 Tw 0 Tc 0 Ts BT 1 0 0 1 72.6648 770.8329 Tm (Comparative Analysis of Google Earth Derived Elevation with in-situ Total)Tj 1 0 0 1 158.4148 752.1709 Tm (Station Method for Engineering Constructions)Tj ET /QuickPDFFadeb9621 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 77.6103 717.2179 Tm (Njike Chigbu, Maduabughichi Okezie, Donald Ikenna Arungwa and Chima,o. Ogba \(Nigeria\))Tj ET /QuickPDFFadeb9621 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 675.188 Tm 14.663 TL (Key words: )' ET /QuickPDFFb4ea2fe8 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 141.7323 675.188 Tm 14.454 TL (Geoinformation/GI; Reference systems; Spatial planning; : Engineering construction,)' (Google Earth, GNSS, Spatial data, developing economies.)' ET /QuickPDFFadeb9621 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 632.6683 Tm 14.663 TL (SUMMARY)' ET /QuickPDFFb4ea2fe8 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 604.3219 Tm 14.454 TL (An effective and efficient economy of a particular clime depends on efficient design, nature and accessibility)' (of the road networks. In the recent past, designing and setting out of good networks of roads especially in)' (developing economies like Sub-Saharan Africa like in Nigeria. With the recent advancement in technology)' (and sciences, data acquisition, processing, management of geo-information have changed tremendously.)' (Acquisition of satellite information, generation of digital elevation data and modeling and even other land)' (use and land cover derived information are done seamlessly. Recently, the use of satellite derived data)' (generated by sensors has become very popular to describe the nature of the earth surface and its topography.)' (This paper is an attempt at investigating the accuracy achievable from satellite derived data \(heights\) and the)' (ones obtained from onsite or in-situ \(Total Station\) method for engineering construction. A comparison is)' (made using the Google Earth derived elevations and the field data from in-situ survey. The field generated)' (data was imported into Arc GIS 10.5 and the XYZ data converted to KML in order to extract its satellite)' (equivalent from Google Earth. Analysis of the data was done using correlation statistical model and the)' (results indicate that the Google earth DEM are not very good for practical exercises rather good for academic)' (exercises. The onsite or in-situ derived heights are more reliable for engineering designs and constructions.)' ET /QuickPDFFb4ea2fe8 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 163.8497 Tm 13.14 TL (__________________________________________________________________________________________)' ()' (Comparative Analysis of Google Earth Derived Elevation with in-situ Total Station Method for Engineering)' (Constructions \(10129\))' (Njike Chigbu, Maduabughichi Okezie, Donald Ikenna Arungwa and Chima,o. Ogba \(Nigeria\))' ()' (FIG Working Week 2019)' (Geospatial information for a smarter life and environmental resilience)' (Hanoi, Vietnam, April 2226, 2019)' ET endstream endobj 6 0 obj << /Length 316 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream xMRKnCAۿSpk`y^Uu[jIɒT%C/:b}Rx\%=
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