ADVANTAGES OF THE UNIFIED MULTIPURPOSE LAND
REGISTRY SYSTEM
András OSSKÓ, Hungary
Key words: Unified Land Registry, multipurpose
system, sustainable development, CEECs (Central Eastern European
Countries).
Abstract
1. Introduction
In many countries in Europe and all over the world, from the middle
of the 19th century, lands and real estate properties were double
registered.
On one hand land and real estate cadastre was created for the
purposes of the state and politics for taxation and on the other hand
there was the factual land registry which the negotiable and mortgaged
real estate was involved in. The land registers were aiming at the
security of the ownership the unperturbedness of the land transactions
as well as the creditors' interests.
Traditionally the land registers and land tax cadastre have
different structure and authorisation, since the land registers were
within juridical scope while the land cadastre was a part of the
public administration.
Although in the majority of the countries the two organisations are
still existing under different authority but there are examples where
the the legal registry and cadastre was integrated on legal basis and
organisational level.
2. New Challenges Related to Land and Property during the Last
Decade
There have been tremendous changes during the recent decade
creating new challenges to be solved worldwide.
Changes
- Globalization
- Political and economical changes in CEECs
- Revolution in IT
- Rural population moves to urban area
- Growing population
New challenges related to land
- Sustainable development
- Creating security in land tenure in the developing world
- Developing active land market in countries in transition and in
developing countries
- Rapid urbanization in the developing world (Asia, Africa, Latin
America)
- Supplying sufficient food and drinking water for the world
population.
The solutions and successful implementation of new challenges
related to land requires tools, well thought-out, co-ordinated plans
and new kind of legal and institutional framework which can answer to
the new challenges and coordinate the essential land related
activities.
The majority of countries worldwide have recognized the importance
of solving above problems, looking for effective legal, institutional
and technical tools.
FIG has developed its new strategy during the recent years and
together with UN organizations worked out several program and issued
publications supporting the modernisation of cadastral systems and
land administrations all over the world.
Two key publications have been issued by FIG recently giving
professional guidelines.
The Bathurst Declaration „Land Administration Infrastructure for
Sustainable Development" describes that an integrated, co-ordinated
legal and institutional framework - Land administration - can manage
effectively the sustainable development.
The „Cadastre 2014" by Commission 7 describes the
modernization of cadastre in the future.
Both publications declare and it's a world wide trend as well that
the integrated, multipurpose Land administration is the most effective
tool to manage the land and property related activities. The most
important elements of the land administration is the Cadastre and Land
Registry organisations.
Today, thanks for the IT, there is no more technical problem to
integrate different land, property related legal and mapping data in
one computerised data base but generally organisations, institutions
responsible for maintaining, updating above data have been acting
under different authorities.
It's obvious and the „Cadastre 2014" also declares that the
integration of cadastre and legal registry on legal basis and
organisational level - the Unified Land Registry - should be more
effective infrastructure for the land related activities.
There are experiences and examples that countries/CEECs, developing
countries/ establishing, modernising new cadastral or land registry
systems, the unified land registry system is more effective and should
support privatization process, developing of land market, etc. much
better then the multi authorisation systems.
3. Advantages of the Unified Land Registry System
- Single authority organisation, one decision maker
- Legal and mapping data integrity and consistency is much better
- Reducing number of staff and running costs
- Workflow, data updating is more quickly, quality of information
should be more efficient
- Implementation of technical modernisation and legal,
institutional reform is quicker and more effective
- The cost recovery requirement should be achieved easier due to
the multipurpose nature of system
CONTACT
András Osskó
Chairperson of FIG Working Group 7.3
Deputy Director
Fővárosi Földhivatal
(Budapest Land Office)
Sas U 19
H-1051 Budapest
HUNGARY
Tel. + 36 1 302 3052
Fax + 36 1 302 3049
E-mail: ffhigazg@elender.hu
23 March 2001
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